Research area

Neuropeptide-derived peptides

This group contains peptides that are native neuropeptides or hormones (oxytocin, kisspeptin-10, gonadorelin) and engineered analogues of neuropeptides (Selank, Semax, dihexa, PE-22-28).

Selank and Semax are heptapeptides developed in Russia from tuftsin and ACTH(4-10), with a stabilising Pro-Gly-Pro tail. Dihexa is a modified angiotensin IV analogue acting through the HGF/c-Met system. PE-22-28 is a short peptide related to spadin, a TREK-1 channel blocker.

Oxytocin, kisspeptin-10 and gonadorelin are native-sequence hormones and hormone fragments. Because their sequences and masses are well established, they serve as straightforward reference peptides for receptor assays and for method development.

Compounds in this group

Compound	Type	Formula	Average mass (g/mol)	Listings
Adamax	Peptide analogue	C₅₀H₆₉N₁₁O₁₁S	1032.21	2
Dihexa	Peptide	C₂₇H₄₄N₄O₅	504.66	2
Gonadorelin	Peptide	C₅₅H₇₅N₁₇O₁₃	1182.29	2
Kisspeptin-10	Peptide	C₆₃H₈₃N₁₇O₁₄	1302.44	2
Oxytocin	Peptide	C₄₃H₆₆N₁₂O₁₂S₂	1007.19	2
PE-22-28	Peptide	C₃₅H₅₅N₁₁O₉	773.88	2
Selank	Peptide	C₃₃H₅₇N₁₁O₉	751.87	3
Semax	Peptide	C₃₇H₅₁N₉O₁₀S	813.92	3

Analytical points for this group

Methionine in Semax can oxidise (+15.995 Da); tryptophan in kisspeptin-10 and PE-22-28 can oxidise in the same way.
Oxytocin contains a disulfide; the reduced form is 2.016 Da heavier and should not dominate.
Gonadorelin and ARA290-type peptides carry pyroglutamate at the N-terminus.
Proline-rich peptides such as Selank and Semax can show split HPLC peaks caused by proline isomers.

Guides

GuideCommon Peptide Degradation Products and the Mass Shifts That Reveal Them

Oxidation, deamidation, disulfide changes, pyroglutamate formation and adducts each leave a characteristic mass difference. Learn the numbers and…

GuideMass Spectrometry for Peptide Identity: A Practical Guide

How expected mass, observed ions, charge states, adducts, and deconvolution support peptide identity without being confused with purity.

ExplainerPeptide Sequence Notation Explained: One-Letter Codes, D-Amino Acids and Terminal Groups

How to read peptide names such as Ac-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2, and what the brackets, prefixes and suffixes mean for the mass.

Frequently asked questions

Which compounds are in the neuropeptide-derived peptides group?

Adamax, Dihexa, Gonadorelin, Kisspeptin-10, Oxytocin, PE-22-28, Selank, Semax.

How should a batch of a neuropeptide-derived peptides compound be checked?

Methionine in Semax can oxidise (+15.995 Da); tryptophan in kisspeptin-10 and PE-22-28 can oxidise in the same way. Oxytocin contains a disulfide; the reduced form is 2.016 Da heavier and should not dominate.

Other research areas

All compound references →